El papel de la familia en la autopercepción de calidad de vida del adulto mayor / The Family Role in the Older Adult's Self-Perception of Quality of Life

Introducción: El envejecimiento de la población en la actualidad es uno de los principales problemas a nivel mundial, debido al incremento en la esperanza de vida. Sin embargo, una mayor esperanza de vida no significa una mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: Valorar el papel que desempeña la familia en la autopercepción de calidad de vida del adulto mayor. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal en adultos mayores aplicada en sujetos de ambos sexos en la provincia ecuatoriana de El Oro entre enero del 2018 y noviembre del 2019. La muestra quedó conformada por 399 pacientes. Los cuestionarios utilizados fueron: Valoración biopsicosocial del adulto mayor desde un enfoque bioético, y la Escala de Calidad de Vida WHOQOL-BREF. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 73,66 años ± 7,38 con un rango entre los 65 y 98 años. El 78,9 por ciento de los adultos mayores maltratados y el 75,9 por ciento de los adultos mayores con trato familiar regular refieren una calidad de vida deficiente. Solo el 18,3 por ciento de los adultos mayores bien tratados refirieron una calidad de vida deficiente, por lo que se observa una asociación entre el trato familiar y la percepción de la calidad de vida estadísticamente significativa. Se constató maltrato familiar por negligencia en los adultos mayores que refirieron una calidad de vida deficiente. Conclusiones: La familia posee un papel preponderante en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor(AU)

Introduction: Nowadays, population aging is one of the main problems worldwide, due to the increase in life expectancy. However, higher life expectancy does not mean better quality of life. Objective: To assess the role played by the family in the older adult's self-perception of quality of life. Methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes in the Ecuadorian province of El Oro, between January 2018 and November 2019. The sample consisted of 399 patients. The questionnaires used were the Biopsychosocial Assessment of the Older Adult from a Bioethical Approach and the WHOQoL-BREF Quality of Life Scale. Results: The average age was 73.66 years ± 7.38 years, with a range between 65 and 98 years. A poor quality of life was reported by 78.9 percent of the mistreated older adults and 75.9 percent of the older adults with regular family treatment. Only 18.3 percent of the well-treated older adults reported a poor quality of life, which shows a statistically significant association between family treatment and perception of quality of life. Family mistreatment due to neglect was found in older adults who referred poor quality of life. Conclusions: The family has a preponderant role in the quality of life of the older adult(AU)

Determinants of quality of life in Paget's disease of bone / Determinantes da qualidade de vida na doença de Paget óssea

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the parameters associated with quality of life in patients with Paget's disease of bone. Methods: Patients with Paget's disease of bone were evaluated with SF-36 and WHOQOL-bref questionnaires. Patients with other diseases that could cause significant impairment of their quality of life were excluded. We searched for correlations between the results and: age, time from diagnosis, type of involvement, pain related to Paget's disease of bone, limitation to daily activities, deformities, bone specific alkaline phosphatase, the extent of involvement and treatment. Results: Fifty patients were included. Results of the SF-36 total score and its domains, physical and mental health, were significantly correlated with bone pain and deformities. Marital status was significantly correlated with the SF-36 total score and Mental Health Domain. BAP levels and disease extension were significantly correlated to SF-36 Physical Health Domain. After multivariate analysis, the only parameters that remained significantly associated with the SF-36 total score and to its Mental Health and Physical Health Domains were pain and marital status.The WHOQOL-bref total score was significantly associated with pain, physical impairment and deformities. WHOQOL-bref Domain 1 (physical) score was significantly associated with marital status, pain and deformities, while Domain 2 (psychological) score was associated with marital status, physical impairment and kind of involvement. After multivariate analysis, the presence of pain, deformities, and marital status were significantly associated with results of the WHOQOL-bref total score and its Domain 1. WHOQOL-bref domain 2 results were significantly predicted by pain and marital status. Conclusion: The main disease-related factor associated with SF-36 results in Paget's disease of bone patients was bone pain, while bone pain and deformities were associated with WHOQOL-bref.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar os parâmetros associados à qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Paget óssea (DPO). Métodos: Avaliaram-se pacientes com DPO com os questionários SF-36 e WHOQOL-bref. Excluíram-se pacientes com outras doenças que pudessem causar comprometimento significativo da qualidade de vida. Buscou-se por correlações entre os resultados e idade, tempo de diagnóstico, tipo de envolvimento, dor relacionada com a DPO, limitação às atividades diárias, deformidades, fosfatase alcalina específica do osso, extensão do envolvimento e tratamento. Resultados: Incluíram-se 50 pacientes. Os resultados da pontuação total do SF-36 e seus domínios, saúde física e saúde mental, se correlacionaram significativamente com a dor óssea e deformidades. O estado civil se correlacionou significativamente com a pontuação total do SF-36 e com seu domínio saúde mental. Os níveis de BAP e a extensão da doença se correlacionaram significativamente com o domínio saúde física do SF-36. Depois da análise multivariada, os únicos parâmetros que permaneceram significativamente associados à pontuação total do SF-36 e aos seus domínios saúde mental e saúde física foram a dor e o estado civil. A pontuação total do WHOQOL-bref esteve significativamente associada à dor, ao comprometimento físico e a deformidades. O escore do Domínio 1 (físico) do WHOQOL-bref esteve significativamente associado ao estado civil, dor e deformidades, enquanto o Domínio 2 (psicológico) esteve associado ao estado civil, comprometimento físico e tipo de envolvimento. Depois da análise multivariada, a presença de dor, deformidades e estado civil esteve significativamente associada à pontuação total do WHOQOL-bref e à pontuação do seu Domínio 1. Os resultados do WHOQOL-bref 2 foram significativamente preditos pela dor e pelo estado civil. Conclusão: O principal fator associado aos escores do SF-36 foi a dor óssea, enquanto a dor óssea e as deformidades estiveram associadas ao WHOQOL-bref.

Qualidade de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids / Quality of life of people living with Hiv/Aids / Calidad de vida de las personas viviendo con HIV/SIDA

Qualidade de vida inclui vários significados, experiências, conhecimentos e também valores que se referem aos indivíduos e à coletividade no momento histórico, cultural e social em que vivem. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida das pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids. Tratou-se de um estudo analítico, transversal, conduzido na linha quantitativa, envolvendo 30 indivíduos escolhidos de forma aleatória, em um hospital de referência no estado da Paraíba. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se o instrumento WHOQOL-HIV BREF e um questionário sociodemográfico. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a sintaxe oferecida pelo WHOQOL Group. Para análise de descrição dos escores dos domínios, foi utilizada estatística descritiva, frequência simples, medidas de dispersão (desvio-padrão, valores mínimo e máximo). Os resultados revelaram que as pessoas vivendo com HIV/ aids apresentam bons escores nos domínios de qualidade de vida. Concluiu-se que, apesar da condição clínica, as pessoas entrevistadas estão satisfeitas com a vida que levam.

Life quality includes several meanings, experiences, knowledge, and values related to individuals and collectivity in the historical, cultural and social moments in which they live. The objective of this study was to evaluate quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. It was an analytical, transversal study, conducted using a quantitative approach, involving 30 individuals chosen randomly, performed in a reference hospital of Paraíba. To collect data the instrument WHOQOL-HIV BREF was used and also a social demographic questionnaire. For data analysis the syntax offered by the WHOQOL Group was used. For analysis of description of the scores of dominion, descriptive statistic, simple frequency, dispersion measures (standard deviation, minimum and maximum value) were used. The results revealed that people living with HIV/aids present good scores in the dominion of life quality. We conclude that despite the clinical condition, the people interviewed are satisfied with the life they live.

La calidad de vida incluye varios significados, experiencias, conocimientos, valores relacionados con individuos y la colectividad en momento histórico, cultural y social en que viven. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la calidad de vida de personas que viven con VIH / SIDA. Estudio transversal analítico, utilizando enfoque cuantitativo. Han participado 30 personas elegidas al azar, realizado en hospital de referencia de Paraíba. Para recopilar datos se utilizó el instrumento WHOQOL-BREF VIH y también cuestionario sociodemográfico. Para análisis de datos se utilizó la sintaxis ofrecido por el Grupo WHOQOL. Fueran usados para análisis de descripción de puntuaciones de dominio, estadística descriptiva, frecuencia simples y medidas de dispersión (desviación estándar, mínimo y máximo). Los resultados revelan que personas que viven con VIH / SIDA presentan buena puntuación en dominio de calidad de vida. Se concluye que a pesar de la situación clínica, las personas están satisfechas con la vida que viven.

Health related quality of life among patients with chronic hepatitis C: a cross-sectional study of sociodemographic, psychopathological and psychiatric determinants

INTRODUCTION: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients have higher rates of psychiatric disorders than the general population. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is known to be associated with impaired health related quality of life. To our knowledge, there is no previous research of health related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C patients that combined structured psychiatric interview and careful psychopathological evaluation, including depression, anxiety and fatigue instruments. The aim of this study was to evaluate health related quality of life of chronic hepatitis C patients and to investigate the association with sociodemographic, psychopathological and psychiatric factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-one individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus infection receiving care at a Brazilian public university-based outpatient service for infectious diseases were enrolled in the study. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version was used to assess health related quality of life. Standard psychiatric interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus) was conducted to establish Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Axis I psychiatric diagnosis. Further instruments completed psychopathological investigation: Beck Depression Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Brief Fatigue Inventory, Hamilton Depression Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale. Pearson Chi-Square and Kruskal-Wallis were performed for categorical and continuous univariate analysis, respectively. Correlation between psychopathological and health related quality of life scores was performed according to Spearman's correlation. Multivariate analysis was performed according to stepwise forward ordinal logistic regression. The significance threshold was fixed at α = 0.05. RESULTS: Depressive disorders were associated with worse scores in overall health related quality of life and in all domains. Fatigue was associated with lower scores in physical and psychological domains, and married status with higher scores in psychological health related quality of life. We found strong correlation among scores of depression, fatigue and health related quality of life. CONCLUSION: Depression and fatigue must be properly investigated and managed in HCV patients in order to improve HRQL. WHOQOL-BREF proved to be a useful instrument to assess HRQL in HCV patients.

Comparison of two assessment instruments of quality of life in older adults / Comparacao de dois instrumentos de avaliacao de qualidade de vida em idosos

Objective: To investigate if there is convergent validity between the dimensions of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-Bref) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of 872 elderly Southern-Brazilians was evaluated. Questionnaires assessing socio-demographic data and quality of life in general (WHOQOL-Bref) and oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) were used. Analysis of the WHOQOL-Bref and OHIP-14 questionnaires used descriptive statistics. The dimensions of the WHOQOL-Bref and OHIP-14 questionnaires were correlated by affinity. The convergence between WHOQOL-Bref and OHIP-14 dimensions was analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficients. Results: The social relations dimension of the WHOQOL-Bref presented the greatest mean (18.24 ± 2.30). The physical pain dimension of the OHIP-14 presented a median of 1.0 (0.0 – 3.0). All correlations between the WHOQOL-Bref and OHIP-14 dimensions were significant, negative and associated with a low magnitude. The correlation between WHOQOL-physical and OHIP-functional limitation, OHIP-physical pain, OHIP-physical disability and OHIP-handicap were – 0.164, – 0.262, – 0.196 and – 0.125 respectively. WHOQOL-psychological was associated with OHIP-psychological discomfort and OHIP-psychological disability, and WHOQOL-social showed an association with OHIP-social disability. Conclusions: All correlations analyzed had a positive association of low magnitude. Despite the fact that the WHOQOL-Bref and OHIP-14 instruments have related dimensions, they measure physical, psychological and social relations differently. .

Objetivo: Investigar se existe convergência entre as dimensões da versão abreviada do questionário da Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre Qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref) e do questionário Perfil do Impacto de Saúde Bucal-14 (OHIP-14). Métodos: Neste estudo transversal, uma amostra randomizada de 872 idosos do sul do Brasil foram avaliados. Questionários sobre informações de dados sociodemográficos e de qualidade de vida em geral (WHOQOL-Bref) e de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (OHIP-14) foram utilizados. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva para analisar os questionários WHOQOL-Bref e OHIP-14. As dimensões dos questionários WHOQOL-Bref e OHIP-14 foram correlacionas por afinidade. A convergência entre as dimensões do WHOQOL-Bref e do OHIP-14 foi analisada pelos coeficientes de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: A dimensão relação social do WHOQOL-Bref foi a que apresentou maior média (18.24 ± 2.30). A dimensão dor física do OHIP-14 apresentou mediana 1.0 (0.0 – 3.0). Todas as correlações entre as dimensões do WHOQOL-Bref e do OHIP-14 foram significativas, negativas e com associação de baixa magnitude. As correlações entre WHOQOL- físico e OHIP- limitação funcional, OHIP-dor física, OHIP-limitação física e OHIP-desvantagem foram – 0,164, – 0,262, – 0,196 e – 0,125, respectivamente. WHOQOL-psicológico foi associado com OHIP-disconforto psicológico e OHIP-limitação psicológica, e WHOQOL-social mostrou associação com OHIP-limitação social. Conclusões: Todas as correlações analisadas apresentaram associação ...

Influência de fatores sociossanitários na qualidade de vida dos idosos de um município do Sudeste do Brasil / The influence of sociosanitary conditions on the quality of life of the elderly in a municipality in the Southeast of Brazil

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as condições sociossanitárias e o impacto das delas na qualidade de vida de idosos residentes no município de Teixeiras (MG), na região Sudeste do Brasil. Foram aplicados dois questionários: um criado especificamente para caracterizar a população quanto às características sociossanitárias, e o WHOQOL-bref para avaliar a qualidade de vida. A associação entre as características sociossanitárias e os escores de qualidade de vida foi analisada por meio de análises de regressão logística. Dentre as variáveis mais fortemente associadas aos escores de qualidade de vida destacaram-se: utilização de medicamentos, necessidade de cuidados médicos, ausência de cobertura por plano de saúde privado, presença de comorbidades, problemas do sono e aposentadoria. Os resultados do estudo apontam os fatores sociossanitários citados como fatores de risco para baixos escores de qualidade de vida no idoso, o que deve ser considerado ao se estabelecerem estratégias e políticas voltadas a esse grupo populacional.

This study sought to evaluate sociosanitary conditions and their impact on the quality of life of the elderly living in the Teixeiras Municipality in the Southeast Region (MG) of Brazil. Two questionnaires were used: one created specifically to characterize the population in terms of sociosanitary conditions, and WHOQOL-bref, to evaluate quality of life. The correlation between the sociosanitary conditions and quality of life scores were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Among the variables with a strong correlation with quality of life scores the following stand out: use of medication, need of medical care, lack of private health insurance, comorbidities, sleep problems, and retirement. The results of this study indicate that sociosanitary conditions are high risk factors for low quality of life scores in the elderly. This must be taken into consideration to establish health strategies and policies for this age group.

Variáveis sociodemográficas como determinantes do domínio meio ambiente da qualidade de vida de adolescentes / Sociodemographic variables as determinant of the environment domain of quality of life of adolescents

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar a relação entre variáveis sociodemográficas e o domínio meio ambiente da qualidade de vida (QV) de adolescentes. A amostra foi composta por 608 adolescentes com idades entre 14 e 20 anos, do município da Lapa (PR). Para a avaliação da QV e da condição socioeconômica, foram utilizados, respectivamente, o questionário WHOQOL-Bref e da ABEP. Para análise dos dados, recorreu-se à estatística descritiva e aos testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e regressão logística binária, considerando p<0,05. O valor médio da QV global e do domínio meio ambiente dos adolescentes foi 67,3 por cento e 55,6 por cento, respectivamente. Moças tiveram 1,9 vezes mais chance para apresentar domínio meio ambiente ruim do que rapazes, bem como indivíduos menos abastados (classe B e C+D+E) apresentaram, respectivamente, 5,7 e 7,4 vezes mais risco para possuir domínio meio ambiente ruim quando comparados com adolescentes da classe socioeconômica A. Pode-se inferir que o domínio meio ambiente apresentou-se como ponto vulnerável da QV dos adolescentes investigados. Os principais subgrupos em risco para possuir domínio meio ambiente da QV ruim foram compostos por adolescentes do sexo feminino e pertencentes às classes socioeconômicas menos favorecidas.

This study aimed to identify the relationship between sociodemographic variables and environment domain of Quality of Life (QOL) of adolescents. The sample was composed by 608 adolescents aged 14 to 20 years, from the municipality of Lapa, Paraná State, South of Brazil. The WHOQOL-Bref and ABEP questionnaires were used, respectively, to assess the QOL and socioeconomic condition. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, exact Fisher and logistic regression binary, considering p<0.05. The average value of QOL overall and environment domain of adolescents was 67.3 percent and 55.6 percent, respectively. Girls were 1.9 times more likely to present poor environment domain than boys, and less wealthy individuals (B and C+D+E classes) showed, respectively, 5.7 and 7.4 times more risk to have poor environment domain when compared with adolescents of A class socioeconomic. It can be inferred that the environment domain presented themselves as vulnerable point of the QOL of adolescents investigated. The main groups in risk to the have poor environment domain of the QOL were composed by female adolescents, belonging to less advantaged socioeconomic classes.